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Use Serial Communications with Arduino Hardware
Arduino® hardware has serial ports, also known as UARTs,that can communicate with other devices that have serial interfaces.
Hardware
You can use serial port 0 to communicate with other devicesthat have serial ports, or to communicate with a computer over theUSB port. Each serial port supports one Serial Transmit and one SerialReceive block, one block per pin. You can run your model in the Externalmode for all the Arduino boards.To know pin mapping for different Arduino boards,see Pin Mapping Table in: Pin Mapping on Arduino Blocks.
Warning
Do not connect the serial port pins to an RS-232 serial interface,such as the DE-9M connector on a computer, without limiting the voltage.The RS-232 standard allows higher voltages that can damage your hardware.For details, read the documentation for your Arduino hardware.
![One One](/uploads/1/2/5/8/125874327/700348295.png)
Transmit Serial Data
To transmit data through a serial port or USB port on the Arduinohardware:
- Add the Serial Transmit block to your model.
- Connect a data source to the block input on the SerialTransmit block.If the data type is not uint8, use a Data Type Conversion blockto convert it to uint8.
- In the Arduino Serial Transmit block,select a Port number.
- Click the Tools menu in the model, and select Run on Target HardwareOptions.In the Configuration Parameters dialog that opens, on the HardwareImplementation > Serial port properties, set the baud rate forthe serial port you selected in the Arduino Serial Transmit block.
- Connect the appropriate digital transmit pin to thehardware that receives the data.
- Run the model, as described in Run Model on Arduino Hardware.
- If your model uses the Arduino USB port (Serialport 0) to transmit data to a device that is not your host computer,reconnect the USB cable to that device and press the RESET button.
Receive Serial Data
To receive data through a serial port or USB port on the Arduino hardware:
- Add the Serial Receive block to your model.
- On the Arduino Serial Receive block,connect the Data block output to a block thatuses the data.
- Open the Arduino Serial Receive blockand specify the Port number.
- Click the Tools menu inthe model, and select Run on Target Hardware > Options.In the Configuration Parameters dialog that opens, on the HardwareImplementation > Serial port properties, set the baud rate forthe serial port you selected in the Arduino Serial Receive block.
- Connect the digital receive pin to the hardware thattransmits the data.
- Run the model, as described in Run Model on Arduino Hardware.
- If your model uses the Arduino USB port (Serialport 0) to receive data from a device that is not your host computer,reconnect the USB cable to that device and press the RESET button.
Related Topics
LibreOffice/OpenOffice is a powerful office suite. Draw can be used even for drawing electronics schematics with user created parts. Good looking, free and open source.
Draw is a powerful vector graphics drawing software. It is part of the free office suites LibreOffice and Apache OpenOffice.There are a lot of free EDA software solutions but none of them allows users to 'customize' the schematics as they want (for example part colors - outline, background, including high resolution images in the schematic etc.). This tutorial will cover some aspects of drawing schematics in Draw. Similarly, schematics can be drawn in any other graphics software (for example Inkscape, even GIMP and Scribus).
Before starting
- Set up a grid and keep it consistent for all parts. Go to Tools - Options - (LibreOffice) Draw - Grid. I used the default 1 cm resolution and 10 spaces subdivision.
- When you finish drawing a part group together all objects that form it (drag to select, right click and choose Group). In this way you will be able to move the part as a whole and yet you will not lose the ability to edit the object later.
- When you move a group (which has become a part) you may accidentally alter its size. To prevent this, right click the group, select Position and Size and from Protect category check Size. You will still be able to move and rotate the object, but you can't resize it.
- If you haven't used Draw before:
- override the grid (finer) with Alt+Arrow keys
- when rotating snap at every 15 degrees by holding Shift while dragging with mouse
- draw squares and circles by holding down Shift while dragging with mouse
Connections
![Serial Serial](http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-CpLuPAHxGw0/UB3uvpp08rI/AAAAAAAAARQ/JTS5ZiDcECU/w1200-h630-p-k-no-nu/qSerialTerm.png)
- draw lines between objects. That's simple but it can cause troubles when moving parts around as the lines don't follow the part.
- draw connectors between objects. Connectors will remain attached when moving an object that they are attached to but as you will see further, not always can be used because of the way Draw assigns connection points.
Connection drawing tools |
- Polygon tool - can be used to draw lines. Click and hold to draw the first line, then release the left mouse button and change direction. Click wherever you want to change direction again. Double click to end.
- Connector tool - the line changes direction by itself. You can adjust it if you want. To be different than the line tool, a connector should start and end only on connection points. Click and drag to draw. Supports different arrow styles at endpoints.
- Line tool - draws a single line. Click and drag to draw. Supports different arrow styles at endpoints.
Connection points
Draw puts all objects (except lines) in a rectangle and offers 4 connection points (left, right, top, bottom). But there are parts that have more than 4 pins. Even parts with less than 4 pins can lead to problems. But there are some tricks.The four available connection points in different objects |
From left to right:
- The four connection points as they are placed on every object
- A part that at first sight cannot be used with the connector tool but
- A rectangle was drawn around the part in such a manner that its connection points will overlay the transistor pins and at last
- The rectangle contour line and background were set to none. The transistor object and rectangle were grouped together.
While this solution may work for transistor symbols when it comes to ICs there's nothing you can do. Once you've grouped the objects that form a part, Draw treats the group as a rectangle. If you don't group you can't move simultaneously without selecting each and every object with Shift key.
Wire intersection
A simple circle filled with black (or wire color if it is other) of 1 mm diameter will be used for that. But the problem is with grid snapping because it snaps with edges and not center. To overcome this some lines should also be drawn with the circle.Wire intersection |
Parts
Here are some examples of objects that form an electronic symbol:
Drawing example |
I will not cover the drawing procedure for each part. Here are some guidelines:
- Draw similar components with the same height/size (by similar I mean all two-pin parts, all kind of transistors etc. - see the image below).
- I suggest you shouldn't include part name and value in the symbol group. Instead place text at last after you have completed drawing the schematic.
- Don't forget to group and protect size.
- If you like to draw colorful schematics don't use all available colors. Instead use a consistent color theme (all resistors are the same color, all transistors the same etc.).
- When drawing ICs keep a consistent spacing between pins.
- You can also import images that will be used as components.
Some common parts. Note that all have the same height (25 mm). |
Schematic
- Use the connector tool wherever possible.
- Use a consistent font for labels (name, value etc.)
- Save your parts in a file. Put as many as you can on a single page. To start a new schematic make a copy of your template file and add a new page (slide). Move back to the first slide and Shift-select parts you need to use then do a simple Copy in Slide 1 - Paste in Slide 2. Position parts and make new copies as necessary. Connect the parts. Create a textbox with two lines (name and value) and copy then modify it for every part.
LM317 variable power supply. The font used for labels is Liberation Sans Bold 10. |